Quick answer: Payroll needs time in decimal hours: divide the minutes by 60 and add them to the hours, so 7:45 becomes 7.75. The tools below convert single values or whole weeks, add up shifts with breaks, calculate overtime at 1.5 times the regular rate, and convert salary to hourly pay using 2,080 hours a year.
All 8 time and payroll calculators
Which tool do you need?
| If you have… | And you need… | Use |
|---|---|---|
| Minutes, such as 45 | Decimal hours for a timesheet | Minutes to Decimal |
| A clock time, such as 7:45 | Decimal hours and pay for one entry | Hours to Decimal |
| A week of daily hours and minutes | A converted weekly total | Time to Decimal Calculator |
| Clock-in, clock-out and break times | Hours worked per shift and per week | Hours Worked Calculator |
| Decimal hours, such as 8.75 | Hours and minutes | Decimal to Time |
| Hours, rate and overtime | Gross and estimated net pay | Payroll Calculator |
| An annual salary | Hourly, weekly or monthly pay | Salary to Hourly |
| A bonus amount | Take-home bonus after withholding | Bonus Tax Calculator |
The five formulas behind every payroll tool
| Task | Formula | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Minutes to decimal hours | minutes ÷ 60 | 45 ÷ 60 = 0.75 |
| Clock time to decimal | hours + minutes ÷ 60 | 7:45 = 7 + 0.75 = 7.75 |
| Hours worked | end − start − unpaid breaks | 17:15 − 8:30 − 0:30 = 8.25 h |
| Overtime pay (one rate) | rate × 1.5 × hours over 40 | $20 × 1.5 × 5 = $150 |
| Salary to hourly | salary ÷ 2,080 | $60,000 ÷ 2,080 = $28.85 |
Every tool in this category shows these steps with your own numbers, so the result can be checked by hand or shown to a manager.
Quick minutes to decimal chart
| Minutes | Decimal | Minutes | Decimal | Minutes | Decimal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | 0.08 | 25 | 0.42 | 45 | 0.75 |
| 10 | 0.17 | 30 | 0.50 | 50 | 0.83 |
| 15 | 0.25 | 35 | 0.58 | 55 | 0.92 |
| 20 | 0.33 | 40 | 0.67 | 60 | 1.00 |
The full 1 to 60 chart lists every minute.
US federal payroll rules at a glance
| Rule | Federal standard | Where it applies |
|---|---|---|
| Overtime threshold | Over 40 hours in a workweek, at 1.5 times the regular rate | Nonexempt employees under the FLSA |
| Regular rate | Includes shift differentials and nondiscretionary bonuses | Weighted average overtime |
| Time clock rounding | Nearest 5, 6 or 15 minutes, only if it averages out (29 CFR 785.48) | Rounding rules |
| Rest breaks | 5 to 20 minutes are paid work time (29 CFR 785.18) | Hours worked guide |
| Exempt salary level | $684 per week ($35,568 a year) under current enforcement | Plus a duties test; some states are higher |
| Federal minimum wage | $7.25 per hour | Most states set a higher rate |
State law: States such as California, Alaska, Colorado and Nevada add daily overtime rules, and many states set higher minimum wages and exempt salary levels. The tools use federal rules unless a state option is shown.
Common payroll time mistakes
- 8:30 entered as 8.30. The correct decimal is 8.50, and the mistake underpays 12 minutes a shift.
- Rounding each day, then adding. Convert the weekly total from minutes to avoid drift.
- Overtime on the base rate only. Bonuses and differentials raise the overtime rate.
- Deducting short paid breaks. Federal rules treat 5 to 20 minute breaks as work time.
- Assuming salaried means no overtime. Exemption depends on duties and salary level.
Glossary
| Term | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Decimal hours | Time written as a base-10 number: 7 hours 30 minutes = 7.5. |
| Industrial minutes | Another name for hundredths of an hour used on some time clocks. |
| Regular rate | The hourly rate overtime is based on, including most extra pay. |
| Workweek | A fixed, recurring 168-hour period chosen by the employer. |
| Exempt employee | Not entitled to overtime because of job duties and salary level. |
| FICA | Social Security (6.2%) and Medicare (1.45%) payroll taxes. |
Guides that explain the maths
Frequently asked questions
How do I convert hours and minutes to decimal for payroll?
Divide the minutes by 60 and add them to the whole hours. 8 hours 15 minutes is 8 + 15 ÷ 60 = 8.25 hours.
What is 7 hours and 45 minutes in decimal?
7.75 hours, because 45 ÷ 60 = 0.75.
How do I calculate overtime pay?
For one hourly rate, multiply the rate by 1.5 and by the hours over 40 in the workweek. With several rates or a bonus, use the weighted average regular rate.
Is time clock rounding legal?
Yes, to the nearest 5, 6 or 15 minutes, as long as it averages out so employees are paid for all time worked. Some states are stricter.
How many work hours are in a year?
2,080 at 40 hours a week, which is the number used to convert salary to hourly pay.
Are these payroll calculators free?
Yes. Every tool is free, needs no account and runs in your browser.
Payroll tools give estimates for planning. Wage and hour rules vary by state and employer, so confirm final figures with your payroll provider or state labor department.
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Content Lead, Anchor AI Tools, California, USA. Spotted an error? Email hello@anchoraitools.com and it will be checked and corrected. See our editorial standards.